The fruit of the vine

1. noun

1) the part of a plant that produces the seed, especially when eaten as food:

2) a result; something gained as a result of hard work etc:

2. verb

1 grapevine.

subirse a la parra (informal figurative) to get above oneself

2 vine arbor, vine arbour.

3^rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: parrar.

2^nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: parrar.

* * *

► nombre femenino

1 grapevine

\

subirse a la parra familiar (mostrarse insolente) to get cocky 2 (ponerse furioso) to blow one's top, hit the roof

* * *

* * *

SF (Bot) grapevine; (=trepadora) climbing vine

- subirse a la parra

* * *

femenino vine

* * *

= vine.

Ex. The article 'Fruit of the vine: world wine magazines' evaluates the wine journals of the world.

* * *

femenino vine

* * *

* * *

vine

subirse a la parra ( fam); (envanecerse) to get bigheaded ( colloq); (encolerizarse) to blow one's top ( colloq), to flip one's lid ( colloq)

Virginia creeper

* * *

* * *

parra nf

grapevine;

subirse a la parra [darse importancia] to get above oneself;

* * *

f (grape)vine;

subirse a la parra fam ( vanagloriarse) get bigheaded fam ; ( enfurecerse) hit the roof fam

* * *

parra nf

: vine, grapevine

* * *

parra n vine

vine.

* * *

► nombre femenino

1 grapevine, vine

* * *

* * *

SF vine

* * *

femenino vine

* * *

= vine.

Ex. The article 'Fruit of the vine: world wine magazines' evaluates the wine journals of the world.

----

* enfermedad de la vid = mildew.

* * *

femenino vine

* * *

* * *

vine

* * *

* * *

vid nf

vine

* * *

f vine

* * *

vid nf

: vine, grapevine

* * *

vid n vine

1 creeper.

2 vine, creeper, climber, climbing plant.

* * *

► nombre femenino

1 creeper, climbing plant

* * *

SF (Bot) climbing plant, creeper

* * *

femenino ( como nombre genérico) creeper, climbing plant; ( planta convolvulácea) bindweed

* * *

= vine.

Ex. The article 'Fruit of the vine: world wine magazines' evaluates the wine journals of the world.

* * *

femenino ( como nombre genérico) creeper, climbing plant; ( planta convolvulácea) bindweed

* * *

* * *

1 (como nombre genérico) creeper, climbing plant

2 (planta convolvulácea) bindweed

* * *

* * *

enredadera nf

creeper

* * *

f BOT creeper, climbing plant

* * *

enredadera nf

: climbing plant, vine

vine, creeper, climbing plant, climber.

* * *

(n.) = vine

Ex. The article 'Fruit of the vine: world wine magazines' evaluates the wine journals of the world.

* * *

1 fruit.

fruto prohibido forbidden fruit

frutos secos dried fruit and nuts

2 fruit (resultado).

fue fruto de su empeño it was the fruit o result of her efforts

dar fruto to bear fruit

sacar fruto a o de algo to profit from something

3 consequence, produce.

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: frutar.

* * *

► nombre masculino

1 (fruta) fruit

2 (resultado) fruit, result, product

\

dar fruto to bear fruit

sacar fruto de algo to profit from something

frutos secos (almendras etc) nuts 2 (pasas etc) dried fruit sing

* * *

1) fruit

2) product, result

* * *

1) (Bot) fruit

2) (=resultado) result, product; (=beneficio) profit, benefit; [de esfuerzo] fruits pl

3) (=hijo) offspring

* * *

1) (Bot) fruit

- fruto prohibido

- frutos secos

2) (resultado, producto) fruit

* * *

= fruit.

Ex. Most libraries exploit the fruits of centralised cataloguing in some way.

----

* alergia a los frutos secos = nut allergy.

* dar fruto = bear + fruit, come to + fruition.

* el fruto de + Nombre = the fruit of + Nombre.

* fruto de la combinación = recombinant.

* fruto seco = nut.

* frutos secos = nuts.

* frutos secos garrapiñados = marron glacé.

* frutos secos glaseados = marron glacé.

* hacer que Algo dé fruto = bring to + fruition.

* no dar fruto = come to + nothing.

* * *

1) (Bot) fruit

- fruto prohibido

- frutos secos

2) (resultado, producto) fruit

* * *

* * *

A ( Bot) fruit

el fruto de la vid the fruit of the vine

los frutos de la tierra the fruits of the earth

forbidden fruit

mpl nuts and dried fruit (pl)

1 (resultado, producto) fruit

dar or rendir frutos to bear fruit

el negocio empieza a rendir frutos the business is beginning to bear fruit

sus gestiones no dieron ningún fruto his efforts did not produce results, his efforts were fruitless

estudiando obtendrás tus frutos if you study now you will reap the benefits later

la inversión no le da ningún fruto the investment isn't bringing her any return

todo fue fruto de su imaginación it was all a product o figment of his imagination

fue fruto de la casualidad it came about o happened quite by chance

para poder disfrutar el fruto de su trabajo to be able to enjoy the fruits of her labor

es el fruto de muchos años de esfuerzos it's the result o product of many years of effort

2 frutos mpl ( Der) tb

frutos civiles unearned income

* * *

◊ frutos secos nuts and dried fruit (pl)

◊ todo fue fruto de su imaginación it was all a figment of his imagination

* * *

fruto nm

1. [naranja, plátano] fruit;

esos lujos son, para mí, fruto prohibido I can't permit myself such luxuries;

frutos secos dried fruit and nuts

2. [resultado] fruit;

fue fruto de su empeño it was the fruit o result of her efforts;

no es más que el fruto de su imaginación it's just a figment of his imagination;

dar fruto to bear fruit;

sacar fruto a o [m5] de algo to profit from sth;

los frutos de la tierra the fruits of the earth

* * *

m tb fig

fruit; nuez, almendra etc nut;

dar fruto(s) tb fig bear fruit

* * *

fruto nm

1) : fruit, agricultural product

los frutos de la tierra: the fruits of the earth

2) : result, consequence

los frutos de su trabajo: the fruits of his labor

* * *

fruto n fruit

f; -, Früchte

1. (Obst) und BOT. auch Pl. fruit; die Früchte des Feldes geh. the fruits of the field; Früchte ansetzen start to fruit; Früchte tragen bear fruit (auch fig.)

2. (Getreide) crop, Brit. auch corn

3. fig. fruit; Früchte fruit Sg., fruits, result Sg., results; die Früchte seiner Arbeit genießen enjoy the fruits ( oder reap the rewards) of one’s labo(u)r; Frucht der Liebe altm. euph. love child; an ihren Früchten sollt ihr sie erkennen BIBL. by their fruits ye shall know them; gebenedeit, verboten

4. MED. (Leibesfrucht) f(o)etus

* * *

fruit

* * *

f -, ordm;e

* * *

* * *

[frʊxt, pl ˈfrʏçtə]

1. (Teil von Pflanze) fruit

▪ Früchte (Obst) fruit no pl, no indef art

kandierte Früchte candied fruit no pl, no indef art; SÜDD, SCHWEIZ (Getreide) crops pl

die \Frucht steht gut the crops are looking good

Früchte tragen to bear [or yield] fruit no pl

2. (fig geh: Ergebnis) fruit, product

Früchte tragen to bear fruit

▶ verbotene Früchte forbidden fruit[s pl]

* * *

1) (auch fig. geh.) fruit

2) o. Pl. (landsch.): (Getreide) corn; crops pl

* * *

Frucht f; -, Früchte

1. (Obst) und BOT auch pl fruit;

die Früchte des Feldes geh the fruits of the field;

Früchte ansetzen start to fruit;

Früchte tragen bear fruit (auch fig);

Frucht bringend → fruchtbringend

2. (Getreide) crop, Br auch corn

3. fig fruit;

Früchte fruit sg, fruits, result sg, results;

die Früchte seiner Arbeit genießen enjoy the fruits ( oder reap the rewards) of one’s labo(u)r;

Frucht der Liebe obs euph love child;

an ihren Früchten sollt ihr sie erkennen BIBEL by their fruits ye shall know them; → gebenedeit, verboten

4. MED (Leibesfrucht) f(o)etus

* * *

1) (auch fig. geh.) fruit

2) o. Pl. (landsch.): (Getreide) corn; crops pl

* * *

fruit n.

progeny n.

καρπός, οῦ, ὁ (Hom.+) ‘fruit’ (the sing. used collectively: Diod S 3, 24, 1).

① product or outcome of someth., fruit

ⓐ in a physical sense

α. of plants: trees Mt 12:33; 21:19; Mk 11:14; Lk 6:44; 13:6f; IEph 14:2; Hs 1, 2, 1; 9, 1, 10; 9, 28, 1 and 3 (Did., Gen. 86, 3). Of the fruit of the vine (Jos., Ant. 2, 67; Ath 22:6) Mt 21:34; Mk 12:2; Lk 20:10; 1 Cor 9:7; 1 Cl 23:4; of a berry-bush B 7:8. Of field crops (Diod S 4, 4, 2; Ps.-Phoc. 38; SibOr 4, 16; Hippol., Ref. 7, 29, 5) 2 Ti 2:6; 1 Cl 24:4; qualified by τῆς γῆς Js 5:7a; cp. vs. 7b v.l.; 1 Cl 14:1 (Gen 4:3); GJs 3:3. συνάγειν τοὺς κ. (Lev 25:3) Lk 12:17; cp. J 4:36; ὅταν παραδοῖ ὁ κ. when the (condition of the) crop permits Mk 4:29 (‘fruit’=grain as Ps.-Scylax, Peripl. §93 p. 36 Fabr. [πυροὺς κ. κριθάς]). βλαστάνειν τὸν κ. produce crops Js 5:18 (βλαστάνω 1). ποιεῖν κ. (=עָשָׂה פְרִי) bear or yield fruit (Gen 1:11f; 4 Km 19:30; Ezk 17:23; ParJer 9:16, 19.—Diosc., Mat. Med. 2, 195) Mt 3:10 (s. δένδρον); 7:17ff; 13:26; Lk 3:9; 6:43; 8:8; 13:9; Rv 22:2a. Also διδόναι (=נָתַן פְּרִי; Lev 26:20; Dt 11:17; Ps 1:3; Zech 8:12) Mt 13:8; Mk 4:7f; B 11:6 (Ps 1:3); Hs 2:4; 5, 2, 4. φέρειν (Apollon. Rhod. 4, 1396–99b; Jo 2:22; Hos 9:16; Jos., Ant. 3, 11; SibOr 2, 320; Did., Gen. 31, 3) Mt 7:18a v.l.; J 12:24 (of the resurrection: ἐκφέρει 1 Cl 24:5); 15:2, 4; Hs 2:3, 8a. ἡ γῆ προφέρει τοὺς κ. αὐτῆς GJs 8:3. ἀποδιδόναι bear fruit (Lev 26:4) Rv 22:2b; Hs 2:8b; cp. Hb 12:11, but pay a person a portion of the fruit Mt 21:41. γεννᾶν κ. θανατηφόρον bear deadly fruit ITr 11:1 (in imagery, s. b below). κ. ἔχειν of trees Hs 9, 28, 3; of staffs 8, 1, 18; 8, 2, 1; 8, 3, 7; 8, 4, 6; 8, 5, 6; of Aaron’s staff (Num 17:23ff) 1 Cl 43:5.

β. of a human being: Hebraistically of offspring ὁ κ. τῆς κοιλίας the fruit of the womb (Gen 30:2; Ps 131:11; Mi 6:7; La 2:20; TestAbr A 6 p. 83, 14 [Stone p. 14]; Mel., P. 52, 384 [since the central mng. of κοιλία is someth. ‘hollow’, in the Ps and Mi pass. κοιλία is used in the general sense of ‘body’ as the cavity from which someth. emanates]) Lk 1:42. τοῦ μὴ δοῦναί σοι καρπόν= to grant you no children GJs 2:3; cp. 6:3 (s. b below). Fr. the standpoint of a father: ὁ κ. τῆς ὀσφύος the fruit of his loins Ac 2:30; AcPl Ha 8, 14 (ἰσχύος Ox 1602, 12f/BMM recto 17).

ⓑ fig., in the spiritual (opp. physical) realm; sometimes the orig. figure is quite prominent; somet. it is more or less weakened: result, outcome, product (cp. Epict. 2, 1, 21 τῶν δογμάτων καρπός; IPriene 112, 14 [I B.C.] μόνη μεγίστους ἀποδίδωσιν καρπούς; Dio Chrys. 23 [40], 34 τῆς ἔχθρας καρπός) κ. τοῦ πνεύματος Gal 5:22 (a list of virtues following a list of vices as Cebes 19, 5; 20, 3; Ael. Aristid. 37, 27 K.=2 p. 27 D.). τοῦ φωτός Eph 5:9; κ. πολὺν φέρειν be very fruitful J 15:5, 8, 16. κ. δικαιοσύνης fruit of righteousness (cp. Epicurus, Fgm. 519 δικαιοσύνης καρπὸς μέγιστος ἀταραξία; Am 6:12; Pr 11:30; 13:2; EpArist 232) Phil 1:11; Js 3:18; Hs 9, 19, 2a; cp. ἔδωκέν μοι κύριος … καρπὸν δικαιοσύνης αὐτοῦ GJs 6:3 (of the birth of Mary; s. β above); κ. εἰρηνικὸς δικαιοσύνης peaceful fruit of righteousness Hb 12:11. κ. ἀληθείας Hs 9, 19, 2b. The outcome of acting is a deed: ἀπὸ τῶν καρπῶν τινος ἐπιγινώσκειν τινά know someone by the person’s deeds, as one knows a tree by its fruits Mt 7:16, 20; Hs 4:5 (Proverbia Aesopi 51 P.: Δῆλος ἔλεγχος ὁ καρπὸς γενήσεται | παντὸς δένδρου ἣν ἔχει φύσιν=its fruit will be for every tree a clear proof of its nature). γεννᾶν καρπὸν θανατηφόρον bear deadly fruit ITr 11:1 (s. 1aα); moral performance as fruit vs. 2 (accord. to the imagery, Christians are branches of the cross as their trunk and their deeds are the produce). Fruit of martyrdom Hs 9, 28, 4. ποιεῖν τοὺς καρποὺς αὐτῆς (=τῆς βασιλείας τ. θεοῦ) prove fruitful for the kingdom ποιεῖν καρπὸν ἄξιον τῆς μετανοίας Mt 21:43. bear fruit consistent with repentance 3:8; the pl. in the parallel Lk 3:8 is farther removed fr. the orig. picture: καρποί = ἔργα (cp. Pr 10:16). καρποὶ ἀγαθοί Js 3:17. Cp. Dg 12:1. τίνα καρπὸν ἄξιον … (δώσομεν); what fruit (are we to bring to Christ that would be) worthy of what he has given us? 2 Cl 1:3. Of the outcome of life in sin as well as in righteousness Ro 6:21f (of the results of evil e.g., Oenomaus Fgm. 2m [in Eus., PE 5, 20, 10]); ταχὺς κ. (s. ταχ. 1a) 2 Cl 20:3. After an upright life καρπὸν προσδοκῶν Dg 12:6; cp. 12:8; resurrection as the reward after a miserable life ἔδονται τῆς ἑαυτῶν ὁδοῦ τοὺς κ. 2 Cl 19:3.—ἀφʼ οὗ καρποῦ ἡμεῖς (the suffering of Jesus,) the fruit from which we are, i.e. from which we derive our identity as Christians (the cross is here viewed as a tree on which Jesus hangs as the fruit: Ignatius probably thinks of Christians as germinated seeds) ISm 1:2.—Of the proceeds of a collection Ro 15:28.

ⓒ Hebraistically, a praise-offering as καρπὸς χειλέων (Hos 14:3; Pr 18:20; 31:31 v.l.; PsSol 15:3) Hb 13:15.

② advantage, gain, profit (Polyaenus 3, 9, 1 κ. τῆς ἀνδραγαθίας; EpArist 260 σοφίας κ.; Philo, Fug. 176 ἐπιστήμης; Jos., Ant. 20, 48 εὐσεβείας) κ. ἔργου gain from the labor Phil 1:22. οὐ δόμα, ἀλλὰ τὸν καρπόν not the gift, but the advantage (accruing to the Philippians fr. their generous giving) 4:17; κ. ἔχειν have fruit Ro 1:13.—B. 511. DELG 1 καρπός. EDNT. TW.

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `wine' (Il.).

Other forms: dial. Ϝοῖνος

Compounds: Very many compp., e.g. οἰνο-χόος m. `cupbearer' with - χοέω, - χοῆσαι `to be a cupbearer, to pour wine' (Il.), ep. also - χοεύω (only pres.), metr. conditioned (Schwyzer 732, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 368); οἰν-άνθη f. `fruit-bearing bud, blossom of the vine', also metaph. of the grape (since Pi., Thphr.), also name of a plant, `meadowsweet, Spiraea flipendula', because of the smell (Cratin., Arist.), name of an unknown bird (Arist.; Thompson Birds s. v.); ἄ-οινος `without wine' (IA.), ἔξ-οινος `drunken' (Alex., Plb.), backformation from ἐξ-οινόομαι `to get drunk' (E.); more in Strömberg Prefix Studies 72 (also Schwyzer-Debrunner 462). On Οἰνόη cf. 2. οἴη.

Derivatives: A. Subst. 1. Diminut., mostly belittling: οἰν-άριον (D., hell.; because of the meaning not from οἴναρον, cf. Chantraine Form. 74); - ίσκος (Cratin., Eub.), - ίδιον (Apollod.). 2. οἴνη f. `vine' (Hes.; like ἐλαία: ἔλαιον a.o., Schwyzer-Debrunner 30, Chantraine 24); οἰνάς f. `id.' (AP, Nic.; Chantr. 353), also `rock dove, Columba livia', after the colour (Arist.; details in Thompson Birds s.v.); also adj. `belonging to the wine' (AP, APl.). 3. οἴν-αρον n. `vineleaf, grape vine' (X., Thphr.) with - αρίς, - αρία, - άρεος, - αρίζω (Ibyc., Ar., Hp., Thphr.). 4. οἰνοῦττα f. `wine cake' (Ar.), also name of a plant with intoxicating effect (Arist.; Schwyzer 528, Chantraine Form. 272). 5. οἰνών, - ῶνος m. `wine cellar' (X., hell.). 6. Ϝοινώα f. `vineyard?' (Thespiae; cf. προθυρῴα a.o. in Hdn. Gr. 1, 303). 7. Some H.glosses: οἴνωτρον χάρακα, ἧ την ἄμπελον ἱστᾶσι, γοίνακες (= Ϝ-) βλαστοί, γοινέες κόρακες (cf. οἰνάς). -- B. Adj. 8. οἰν-ηρός `containing wine, abundant in wine' (Pi., Ion., Arist.); 9. - ώδης `winelike, redolent of wine' (Hp., Arist.); 10. - ικός `belonging to the wine' (hell., inscr. a. pap.). -- C. Verbs. 11. οἰν-ίζομαι `to get oneself wine' (Il., late prose), - ίζω `to resemble wine' (Thphr., Dsc.); with οἰν-ιστήρια n. pl. name of an Attic feast (Eup., H., Phot.); cf. Άνθεστήρια, χαριστήρια a.o. 12. οἰν-όομαι, - όω `to intoxicate (oneself)' (Ion., Od., trag.) with - ωσις f. `intoxication' ( Stoic., Plu.); on the meaning cf. Müri Mus. Helv. 10, 36. -- On the PN Οἰνεύς s. Bosshardt 106 f.; on the riverN Οἰνοῦς m. (Laconia) and on Οἰνοῦσσαι f. pl. (islands) Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 2, 233.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1120?] *u̯eiH- `turn, bend'

Etymology: With (Ϝ)οῖνος agree, except for the gender and auslaut, Lat. vīnum (if from *u̯oinom; Umbr. etc. vinu then Lat. LW [loanword]), Arm. gini (\< *u̯oinii̯o-), Alb. vênë (\< *u̯oinā); an IE word for `wine', reconstructed from this, may together with the related Lat. vītis `vine' and many others (s. on ἴτυς) belong to the group u̯ei- `turn, bend'. As the wild vine a.o. was at home in southern Russia and certain parts of middle Europe, this assumption is acceptable also from the aspect of historical facts. As however the cultivation of the vine has started in the Mediterranean lands or in the Pontus area and in the south of the Caucasus, most scholars incline, to look for the origin of the word in these countries, what would point to non-IE origin. But if we put the homeland of viticulture in the Pontus and the northern Balkan, the word for `wine' might come from there. From this IE source would then come not only the words mentioned from Greek, Lat., Arm. and Albania, but also Hitt. u̯ii̯an(a)-, Hier. Hitt. wa(i)ana-, and also the relevant Semit. words, e.g. Arab. wain, Hebr. jajin (common * wainu-?). Thus Beekes, MSS 48(1987)21-6, who points out that the Hitt. form requires *u̯ih₁on-. From Lat. vīnum further the Celt. a. Germ., from Germ. or Latin again the Slav. and (indir.) Balt. wine words; from Arm. gini e.g. Georg. γvino. -- Lit. with further details in WP. 1, 226 (IE, resp. PArm.), Pok. 1121, W.-Hofmann s. vīnum, Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 2, 642 ff., Vasmer s. vinó. Cf also Kronasser Vorgeschichte und Indogermanistik (Symposion 1959) 122 f..

Page in Frisk: 2,364-366

ūva, ae, f. [etym. dub.; perh. for ug-va, root ug-, to be moist; Gr. hugros; Lat. uvere; cf.: umor, uvidus, etc.; so Corss.; Curt. refers it to root ug-; Sanscr. ugras, strong; Gr. hugiês, healthful].

Lit.

The fruit of the vine, a grape:

a quā (gemmā) oriens uva se ostendit,

Cic. Sen. 15, 53; Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 1; Cato, R. R. 24:

puella adservanda nigerrimis diligentius uvis,

Cat. 17. 16:

quo Duceret apricis in collibus uva colorem,

Verg. E. 9, 49:

hic segetes, illic veniunt felicius uvae,

id. G. 1, 54:

illa videntur prodigialiter accidisse, ut aliqua vitis excederet uvarum numerum MM.,

Col. 3, 3, 3:

terra feracior uvis,

Ov. Am. 2, 16, 7:

uva ejus indecora visu, sapore jucunda,

Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 28; Pall. Feb. 29, 1:

uva non alibi gratior callo,

Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 14.—

Collect., grapes:

pressantes inquinet uva pedes,

Prop. 3, 17 (4, 16), 18;

4 (5), 2, 13: pressos pedibus dedit uva liquores,

Tib. 2, 1, 45; cf. Hor. C. 2, 5, 10; 1, 20, 10; Juv. 5, 31. —

Transf.

A bunch or cluster of grapes:

uvis, quae magnitudinem infantium puerorum exsuperant,

Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 14:

gemellarum, quibus hoc nomen uvae semper geminae dedere,

id. 14, 1, 4, § 22; Varr. R. R. 1, 25; Col. 3, 1 sq.; Cic. Sen. 15, 53.—

A vine:

fert uva racemos,

Verg. G. 2, 60.—

Of other plants, a bunch or cluster of fruit:

amomi,

Plin. 12, 13, 28, § 48:

lauri,

id. 16, 29, 52, § 120.—

A cluster, like a bunch of grapes, which bees form when they alight in swarming, Verg. G. 4, 558; Plin. 11, 17, 18, § 55; Juv. 13, 68. —

The soft palate, the uvula, kiôn, Cels. 7, 12, 3; 7, 6, 14; Plin. 23, 7, 64, § 129; 23, 8, 80, § 157; 30, 4, 11, § 31; 34, 12, 29, § 118; Mart. 10, 56, 5.—

A kind of sea-fish, Plin. 9, 2, 1, § 3; 32, 10, 49, § 138; 32, 11, 53, § 151.

τρυγάω (cp. τρύγη ‘grain crop’) fut. τρυγήσω; 1 aor. ἐτρύγησα; aor. opt. pass. 3 sg. τρυγηθείη Job 15:33 (Hom. et al.; POxy 3313, 12f [II A.D.]; al. pap, LXX; JosAs 25:2) ‘gather in’ ripe fruit, esp. harvest (grapes) w. acc. of the fruit (POslo 21, 13 [71 A.D.]; Jos., Ant. 4, 227) Lk 6:44; Rv 14:18 (in imagery, as in the foll. places). τὸν τῆς ἀναστάσεως καρπὸν τρυγήσουσι 2 Cl 19:3. Cp. also the textually uncertain (s. αἱρέω 1) pass. Dg 12:8.—W. acc. of that which bears the fruit gather the fruit of the vine (cp. X., Oec. 19, 19; Diod S 3, 62, 7; Lucian, Catap. 20 τὰς ἀμπέλους τρ.; Philostrat., Her. 1, 2) or the vineyard (s. ἄμπελος a) Rv 14:19, w. ‘picking’ done through the use of a sickle, δρέπανον (JosAs 25:2; cp. Procop. Soph., Ep. 11 χωρία τρ.).—DELG. M-M.

die

fig morire di paura be scared to death

* * *

morire v. intr.

1 to die: morì a cinquant'anni, he died at fifty; morì di polmonite, he died of pneumonia; morire per soffocamento, to suffocate; morire annegato, to drown; morire da codardo, to die a coward's death; morire di crepacuore, to die of a broken heart; morire di fame, to starve to death (anche fig.): far morire di fame qlcu., to starve s.o.; morire di freddo, to freeze to death, (fig.) to be freezing; morire di inedia, to die of hunger, to starve (anche fig.); morire di una malattia, to die of an illness; morire di morte naturale, to die a natural death; morire di morte violenta, to die a violent death; morire di vecchiaia, to die of old age; lasciarsi morire, to let oneself die; morire pazzo, to die mad; morire per la patria, to die for one's country; morire prematuramente, to die before one's time; morire ricco, to die rich (o a rich man); morire santamente, to die a holy death // freddo da morire, bitterly (o freezing) cold; stanco da morire, dead (o dog) tired; fa un male da morire, it hurts really badly; una donna bella da morire, an incredibly beautiful woman; essere annoiato da morire, to be bored to death // che io possa morire se..., may I die (o strike me down) if... // chi non muore si rivede!, long time no see // credevo di morire, I thought I'd die // lasciarono morire il discorso, they let the conversation drop (o die away) // lo farò a costo di morire, I'll do it even if it kills me // meglio di così si muore!, you can't have better than that! // mi sentivo morire, I could have died; mi sento morire al pensiero di dover cominciare tutto da capo, the thought of having to begin all over again just makes me want to give up // lasciatemi andare a letto, sto morendo dal sonno, let me go to bed, I'm dead tired // morivano come le mosche, they died like flies // muor giovane chi al cielo è caro, those whom the gods love die young // non morrà nella nostra memoria, he will live for ever in our memories // non si sa di che morte si deve morire, no one knows what the future holds in store // la parola gli morì sulle labbra, the word froze on his lips // piuttosto morire!, over my dead body!; piuttosto morire che..., I had rather die than... // morire dalla curiosità, to be dying with curiosity // morire dalla voglia di qlco., di fare qlco., to be dying for sthg., to do sthg. // morire dallo spavento, to die of fright: mi hai fatto morire dallo spavento, you frightened me to death // morire dal ridere, to die laughing // morire di noia, to be bored to death // morire in piedi, to die with one's boots on // morire solo come un cane, to die alone, abandoned by everybody // far morire, to kill: il gelo fa morire le piante da frutto, the frost kills fruit trees; far morire una pianta, to kill a plant (off); mi farai morire!, (fig.) you'll be the death of me!; quella ragazza è uno schianto, mi fa morire!, that girl is a real knockout, I'm crazy about her // una persona dura a morire, an incredibly obstinate person; il suo risentimento è duro a morire, he's got an incredible grudge // va a morire ammazzato, (sl.) go and drop dead // altro è parlare di morte, altro è morire, (prov.) it is one thing to talk of dying, but it is another thing to die // chi muore giace, chi vive si dà pace, (prov.) let the dead bury the dead

2 (di luce, colore) to fade; (di suono) to die away: la sua voce andava morendo, his voice was dying away

3 (spegnersi) to go* out, to die out

4 (tramontare) to set*; (poet.) to draw* to a close: moriva il giorno, (poet.) the day was drawing to a close

5 (venir meno) to die, to disappear: le sue speranze morirono, his hopes died away

6 (estinguersi) to die out: questa usanza va ormai morendo, va ormai a morire, this custom is now beginning to die out

7 (terminare) to end: questo treno muore a Roma, this train ends at Rome

◆ v.tr. to die: morire una morte gloriosa, to die a glorious death.

* * *

verbo intransitivo (aus. essere)

1) (cessare di vivere) to die

2) (scomparire) [civiltà, usanza, sentimento] to die* (out)

3) lett. (spegnersi) [fiamma, suono] to die* (away), to fade (out)

4) da morire

••

* * *

morire

/mo'rire/ [103]

verbo intransitivo

(aus. essere)

 1 (cessare di vivere) to die; morire di morte naturale, violenta to die a natural, violent death; morire di cancro, per una crisi cardiaca to die of cancer, of a heart attack; morire annegato to drown; morire dissanguato, soffocato to bleed, choke to death; morire da eroe to die a hero('s death); morire ammazzato to be murdered; morire avvelenato to die of poisoning, to be poisoned; morire strangolato to be strangled to death; morire giovane to die young; gli è morta la nonna he has lost his grandmother; morire sul nascere fig. [ progetto] to die o wither on the vine; morire di fame to starve to death, to die of starvation; fig. to be starving; morire di freddo o assiderato to freeze to death; sto morendo di freddo fig. I'm freezing; muoio di sete fig. I'm dying of thirst; sto morendo dal o di sonno fig. I'm asleep on my feet; morire di curiosità fig. to be dying o burning with curiosity; morire di paura, di noia fig. to be frightened, bored to death; morire dal ridere fig. to kill oneself o die laughing; morire di vergogna fig. to die a thousand deaths; morire dalla voglia di qcs., di fare qcs. to be dying o pining for sth., to do sth.; meglio morire o preferirei morire piuttosto che I'd sooner o rather die than; preferirei morire! I'd die first! muore per lui she's pining for him; mi fa morire con le sue battute fig. his jokes just kill me

 2 (scomparire) [civiltà, usanza, sentimento] to die* (out)

 3 lett. (spegnersi) [fiamma, suono] to die* (away), to fade (out); il giorno sta morendo the day is drawing to its close; il sorriso gli morì sulle labbra the smile disappeared from his lips

 4 da morire triste da morire terribly sad; stanco da morire dead tired; arrabbiato da morire absolutely furious; è bella da morire she's ravishing o incredibly beautiful; mi vergogno da morire I'm terribly ashamed; fa caldo da morire it's boiling hot; fa freddo da morire it's freezing cold; fa male da morire it hurts like hell; mi piace da morire I like it a lot, I'm mad about it; ti voglio bene da morire I love you so much; era da morire dal ridere! it was hilarious! i piedi mi fanno male da morire my feet are killing me

IDIOMS

essere duro a morire [ persona] to die hard; morire dietro a qcn. colloq. to be dying for sb.; meglio, peggio di così si muore it can't be any better, worse than that; chi non muore si rivede! prov. long time no see!

n. « fruit-triad», the 3 myrobalans L. ;

παρά (Hom.+. On elision s. B-D-F §17; Rob. 208) prep. w. three cases (Kühner-G. §440; Schwyzer II 491–98; B-D-F §236–38; Rob. 612–16. Further lit. s.v. ἀνά, beg.; also HRau, De praepositionis παρά usu: GCurtius, Studien etc. III 1870).

A. W. gen., which nearly always as in Hom., Hdt., Pla., X. et al. denotes a pers., and indicates that someth. proceeds fr. this pers. (Hs 2:3 is an exception):

① marker of extension from the side of, from (the side of) w. local sense preserved, used w. verbs of coming, going, sending, originating, going out, etc. (TestAbr A 2 p. 78, 30 [Stone p. 4] παρὰ τοῦ μεγάλου βασιλέως ἀπεστάλην; Lucian, Demon. 13 ἀπιὼν παρʼ αὐτοῦ) ἐκπορεύεσθαι J 15:26b. ἐξέρχεσθαι 16:27; 17:8; Lk 2:1; 6:19. ἔρχεσθαι 8:49. παραγίνεσθαι Mk 14:43. πέμπειν τινὰ παρά τινος J 15:26a. πνεύματος ἁγίου … παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς ἀποσταλέντος εἰς αὐτήν (=Μαρίαν) AcPlCor 2:5. εἶναι παρά τινος be from someone (cp. Job 21:2, 9) J 6:46; 7:29; 9:16, 33; 17:7.

② marker of one who originates or directs, from (Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 100 §420 παρὰ τ. θεῶν; TestJob 38:8 παρὰ θεοῦ) παρὰ κυρίου ἐγένετο αὕτη this was the Lord’s doing Mt 21:42; Mk 12:11 (both Ps 117:23). W. a double negative: οὐκ ἀδυνατήσει παρὰ τ. θεοῦ πᾶν ῥῆμα (s. ἀδυνατέω) Lk 1:37. τὰ λελαλημένα αὐτῇ παρὰ κυρίου what was said to her (by the angel) at the Lord’s command vs. 45. ἀπεσταλμένος παρὰ θεοῦ John the Baptist was not, like Jesus, sent out fr. the very presence of God, but one whose coming was brought about by God J 1:6 (cp. 2 Macc 11:17). παρʼ ἑαυτῆς φέρει καρπὸν καὶ παρὰ τῆς πτελέας it (i.e. the vine) bears fruit which comes both from itself and from the elm Hs 2:3. On 2 Pt 2:11 s. κρίσις 1bβ.

③ marker of the point fr. which an action originates, from

ⓐ after verbs

α. of asking, demanding αἰτεῖν and αἰτεῖσθαι (cp. X., An. 1, 3, 16, Hell. 3, 1, 4; SIG 785, 9f; PFay 121, 12ff; Tob 4:19 BA al.; LXX; TestAbr A 9 p. 87, 2 [Stone p. 22]; TestJob 20:2; ParJer 7:14; Jos., Ant. 15, 92) Mt 20:20 v.l. (for ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ); J 4:9; Ac 3:2; 9:2; Js 1:5; 1J 5:15 v.l. (for ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ); 1 Cl 36:4 (Ps 2:8); Hm 9:2, 4; Dg 1. ζητεῖν (Tob 4:18; Sir 7:4; cp. 1 Macc 7:13) Mk 8:11; Lk 11:16; 12:48.

β. of taking, accepting, receiving λαμβάνειν (class.; Appian, Mithrid. 88 §397; SIG 546 B, 23 [III B.C.]; Jdth 12:15; Sus 55 Theod.; 1 Macc 8:8; 11:34; 4 Macc 12:11; TestJob 11:5; JosAs 24:11; Just., A I, 39, 5 al.) Mk 12:2; Lk 6:34; J 5:34, 41, 44; 10:18; Ac 2:33; 3:5; 17:9; 20:24; 26:10 (Jos., Ant. 14, 167 λαβὼν ἐξουσίαν παρά σου [= τ. ἀρχιερέως]; 11, 169); Js 1:7; 2 Pt 1:17; 2J 4; Rv 2:28; Hs 1:8; 8, 3, 5; GJs 20, 2 codices. ἀπολαμβάνειν (SIG 150, 19f [restored text; IV B.C.]; 4 Macc 18:23) Hv 5:7. παραλαμβάνειν (Hdt. et al.; oft. ins; POxy 504, 14 al. in pap) Gal 1:12; 1 Th 2:13; 4:1; 2 Th 3:6. δέχεσθαι (Thu. 1, 20, 1 et al.; 1 Macc 15:20; TestJob 11:12; cp. διαδέχεσθαι Ath. 37, 1) Ac 22:5; Phil 4:18a. κομίζεσθαι (SIG 244 I, 5ff [IV B.C.]; Gen 38:20; 2 Macc 7:11; Ath. 12, 1) Eph 6:8. εὑρεῖν (SIG 537, 69; 1099, 28; cp. εὑρίσκω 3, end) 2 Ti 1:18. ἔχειν τι παρά τινος have received someth. fr. someone (1 Esdr 6:5) Ac 9:14; cp. Hv 3, 9, 8. γίνεταί μοί τι παρά τινος I receive someth. from someone (Att.) Mt 18:19. ἔσται μεθʼ ἡμῶν χάρις … παρὰ θεοῦ πατρὸς καὶ παρὰ Ἰησοῦ 2J 3 (cp. X., An. 7, 2, 25). οἱ πιστευθέντες παρὰ θεοῦ ἔργον those who were entrusted by God with a task 1 Cl 43:1 (cp. Polyb. 3, 69, 1; SIG 1207, 12f). παρὰ τοῦ κυρίου πλουτίζεσθαι receive one’s wealth fr. the Lord Hs 2:10.—Sim. in the case of a purchase the seller is introduced by παρά: buy fr. someone ἀγοράζειν (s. ἀγοράζω 1, end) Rv 3:18. ὠνεῖσθαι Ac 7:16. ἄρτον φαγεῖν παρά τινος receive support from someone 2 Th 3:8.

γ. of learning, coming to know, hearing, asking ἀκούειν (s. ἀκούω 1bβ and 3) J 1:40; 6:45; 7:51; 8:26, 40; 15:15; Ac 10:22; 28:22; 2 Ti 1:13; 2:2; AcPlCor 1:6; ἀκριβοῦν Mt 2:7, 16. ἐξακριβάζεσθαι Hm 4, 2, 3. ἐπιγινώσκειν Ac 24:8. μανθάνειν (since Aeschyl., Ag. 858; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 176; Sir 8:8f; 2 Macc 7:2 v.l.; 3 Macc 1:1; Just., A I, 23, 1 and D. 78, 1 al.; Ath. 7, 2; 22, 8) 2 Ti 3:14. πυνθάνεσθαι (Hdt. 3, 68; X., Cyr. 1, 6, 23; Pla., Rep. 5, 476e; SIG 1169, 30; 2 Ch 32:31) Mt 2:4; J 4:52 (without παρά v.l.); B 13:2 (Gen 25:22).

ⓑ w. adjectival function ὁ, ἡ, τὸ παρά τινος made, given, etc., by someone

α. w. a noun (funct. as a gen.: Pla., Symp. 197e ὁ παρά τινος λόγος ‘the expression made by someone’; X., Hell. 3, 1, 6 δῶρον παρὰ βασιλέως, Mem. 2, 2, 12 ἡ παρά τινος εὔνοια, Cyr. 5, 5, 13 τὸ παρʼ ἐμοῦ ἀδίκημα ‘the crime committed by me’; Polyb. 3, 69, 3 ἡ παρʼ αὐτοῦ σωτηρία; Polyaenus 3, 9, 28 ἡ παρὰ στρατηγοῦ ἀρετή; SIG 543, 27; Ex 4:20; 14:13; Philo, Plant. 14; Jos., Ant. 12, 400; Just., A I, 32, 8 and D. 92, 1 al.; Ath. 7, 1) ἡ παρʼ ἐμοῦ διαθήκη Ro 11:27 (Is 59:21).—Ac 26:12 v.l.; 22 v.l.

β. w. subst. function

א. τὰ παρά τινος what someone gives, someone’s gifts (X., Mem. 3, 11, 13; Jos., Bell. 2, 124, Ant. 8, 175; Tat. 32, 1 τὰ παρὰ θεοῦ) Lk 10:7; Phil 4:18b. τὰ παρʼ αὐτῆς her property, what she had Mk 5:26 (cp. IPriene 111, 177). τὰ παρὰ ζώσης καὶ μενούσης (the help that I received) from a living, contemporary voice Papias (2:4).

ב. οἱ παρά τινος someone’s envoys (οἱ παρὰ βασιλέω πρέσβει X., Hell. 1, 3, 9; oft. in ins.: see, e.g., OGI 5, 50 from Ptolemy; the full expression οἱ παρʼ ὑμῶν πρεσβείς OGI 8 VI, 108–9; Schwyzer II 498; B-D-F §237, 2) οἱ παρὰ τοῦ βασιλέως (1 Macc 2:15; 1 Esdr 1:15) 1 Cl 12:4.—The Koine also uses this expr. to denote others who are intimately connected w. someone, e.g. family, relatives (PGrenf II, 36, 9 [II B.C.]; POxy 805 [I B.C.]; 298, 37 [I A.D.]; CPR I, 179, 16; 187, 7; Sb 5238, 19 [I A.D.]; Sus 33; 1 Macc 13:52; Jos., Ant. 1, 193. Further exx. fr. pap in Mlt. 106f; Rossberg [s. ἀνά, beg.] 52) Mk 3:21 (s. CBruston/PFarel: RTQR 18, 1909, 82–93; AWabnitz, ibid. 221–25; SMonteil, ibid. 19, 1910, 317–25; JMoulton, Mk 3:21: ET 20, 1909, 476; GHartmann, Mk 3:20f: BZ 11, 1913, 248–79; FZorell, Zu Mk 3:20, 21: ZKT 37, 1913, 695–7; JBelser, Zu Mk 3:20f: TQ 98, 1916, 401–18; Rdm.² 141; 227.—S. also at ἐξίστημι 2a).

B. w. dat., the case that exhibits close association

① marker of nearness in space, at/by (the side of), beside, near, with, acc. to the standpoint fr. which the relationship is viewed

ⓐ near, beside

α. w. things (Synes., Ep. 126 p. 262a; Kaibel 703, 1; POxy 120, 23; 2 Km 10:8; 11:9; Jos., Ant. 1, 196) εἱστήκεισαν παρὰ τῷ σταυρῷ J 19:25. κεῖσθαι παρὰ τῷ πύργῳ Hv 3, 5, 5.

β. w. persons ἔστησεν αὐτὸ παρʼ ἑαυτῷ he had him (i.e. the child) stand by his side Lk 9:47.

ⓑ in (someone’s) house, city, company, etc. (Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 5 al. παρὰ Λάβαν)

α. house: ἀριστᾶν Lk 11:37. καταλύειν 19:7 (Pla., Gorg. 447b; Demosth. 18, 82). μένειν (JosAs 20:8; Jos., Ant. 1, 298; 299) J 1:39; Ac 9:43; 18:3; 21:8. ξενίζεσθαι 10:6; 21:16 (ξενίζω 1). So prob. also ἕκαστος παρʼ ἑαυτῷ each one at home 1 Cor 16:2 (cp. Philo, Cher. 48 παρʼ ἑαυτοῖς, Leg. ad Gai. 271). ὸ̔ν ἀπέλιπον ἐν Τρῳάδι παρὰ Κάρπῳ 2 Ti 4:13.

β. city: Rv 2:13. So prob. also ἦσαν παρʼ ἡμῖν ἑπτὰ ἀδελφοί Mt 22:25.—J 4:40; Col 4:16 (where the congregation at Laodicea is contrasted w. the one at Col.).

γ. other uses: παρὰ Ἰουδαίοις among Judeans Mt 28:15. παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἐπιμεῖναι remain with them Ac 28:14; cp. 21:7. οἱ παρʼ ὑμῖν πρεσβύτεροι the elders among you 1 Cl 1:3.—παρὰ τῷ πατρί with (of spatial proximity) the Father Mt 6:1; J 8:38a; cp. 17:5 (Synes., Kingship 29 p. 31d: philosophy has her abode παρὰ τῷ θεῷ and if the world refuses to receive her when she descends to earth, μένει παρὰ τῷ πατρί). Of Jesus: παρʼ ὑμῖν μένων while I was with you (on earth) J 14:25. Of the Spirit: παρʼ ὑμῖν μένει vs. 17. Of the Father and Son in their relation to the faithful Christian: μονὴν παρʼ αὐτῷ ποιησόμεθα we will take up our abode with him vs. 23.

δ. fig. παρά τινι before someone’s judgment seat (Demosth. 18, 13 εἰς κρίσιν καθιστάναι παρά τινι; Appian, Maced. 11 §8 παρʼ ὑμῖν ἐς κρίσιν) 2 Pt 2:11 v.l. Closely related is

② marker of one whose viewpoint is relevant, in the sight or judgment of someone (Soph., Hdt.; PSI 435, 19 [258 B.C.] παρὰ τῷ βασιλεῖ) παρὰ τῷ θεῷ: δίκαιος παρὰ τῷ θεῷ righteous in the sight of God Ro 2:13 (cp. Job 9:2; Jos., Ant. 6, 205; Ath. 31, 2 εὐδοξοῦμεν … παρὰ τῷ θεῷ).—Cp. 1 Cor 3:19; Gal 3:11; 2 Th 1:6; Js 1:27; 1 Pt 2:4; 2 Pt 3:8. θυσία δεκτὴ παρὰ τῷ θεῷ Hs 5, 3, 8. ἔνδοξος παρὰ τῷ θεῷ m 2:6; Hs 5, 3, 3; 8, 10, 1; 9, 27, 3; 9, 28, 3; 9, 29, 3.—9, 7, 6.—Acc. to the judgment of humans (Jos., Ant. 7, 84; Just., A I, 20, 3) 8, 9, 1. τί ἄπιστον κρίνεται παρʼ ὑμῖν; Ac 26:8. ἵνα μὴ ἦτε παρʼ ἑαυτοῖς φρόνιμοι Ro 11:25; cp. 12:16 (s. Pr 3:7 μὴ ἴσθι φρόνιμος παρὰ σεαυτῷ).—‘In the judgment’ passes over into a simpler with (PsSol 9:5 παρὰ κυρίῳ; Jos. Himerius, Or. 8 [=23], 10 παρὰ θεοῖς=with the gods) εὑρεῖν χάριν παρά τινι find favor with someone (Ex 33:16; cp. Num 11:15) Lk 1:30; Hs 5, 2, 10. τοῦτο χάρις παρὰ θεῷ 1 Pt 2:20. χάριν ἔχειν (Ex 33:12) m 5, 1, 5. προέκοπτεν ἐν τῇ χάριτι παρὰ θεῷ καὶ ἀνθρώποις Lk 2:52. τί ταπεινοφροσύνη παρὰ θεῷ ἰσχύει, τί ἀγάπη ἁγνὴ παρά θεῷ δύναται how strong humility is before God, what pure love before God can do 1 Cl 21:8.

③ marker of personal reference, at the side of, with almost equivalent to the dat. as such (Ps 75:13): δυνατόν or ἀδύνατον παρά τινι possible or impossible for someone (Gen 18:14; Just., A I, 33, 2; Ath., R. 9 p. 58, 6) Mt 19:26ab; Mk 10:27abc; Lk 1:37 v.l.; 18:27ab; 1 Cl 27:2.—AFridrichsen, SymbOsl 14, ’35, 44–46. Closely related in mng. is

④ marker of connection of a quality or characteristic w. a pers., with (οὐκ) ἔστιν τι παρά τινι someth. is (not) with or in someone, someone has someth. (nothing) to do w. someth. (Demosth. 18, 277 εἰ ἔστι καὶ παρʼ ἐμοί τις ἐμπειρία; Gen 24:25; Job 12:13; Ps 129:4 παρὰ σοι ὁ ἱλασμός ἐστιν; Just., D. 82, 1 παρὰ … ἡμῖν … χαρίσματα) οὐκ ἔστιν προσωπολημψία παρὰ τ. θεῷ Ro 2:11 (TestJob 43, 13). Cp. 9:14; Eph 6:9; Js 1:17. Sim. Mt 8:10; 2 Cor 1:17.

⑤ marker of a relationship w. a narrow focus, among, before παρʼ ἑαυτοῖς among themselves (Philo, Cher. 48) διαλογίζεσθαι Mt 21:25 v.l. (cp. Demosth. 10, 17 γιγνώσκειν παρʼ αὑτῷ; Epict., Ench. 48, 2).—In ἐν τούτῳ μενέτω παρὰ θεῷ 1 Cor 7:24, the mng. of παρὰ θεῷ is not certain: let the pers. remain in that position (the same one in which he was when called to salvation) before God; it is prob. meant to remind Christians of the One before whom they cannot even have the appearance of inferiority (ins: Mitt-Wilck, I/2, 4, 4 [13 B.C.] παρὰ τῷ κυρίῳ Ἑρμῇ=‘before, in the sight of’; Sb 7616 [II A.D.] τὸ προσκύνημά σου ποιῶ παρὰ τῷ κυρίῳ Σαράπι=‘before the Lord’ S.; 7661, 3 [c. 100 A.D.]; 7932, 7992, 6 [letter II/III A.D.]). Or perh. it simply means that no matter what the situation may be, one is to be focused on God.

C. w. acc. of pers. or thing

① marker of a position viewed as extended (w. no difference whether παρά answers the question ‘where?’ or ‘whither?’ See B-D-F §236, 1; Rob. 615).

ⓐ by, along περιπατεῖν παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν (Pla., Gorg. 511e. Cp. SIG 1182; Jos., Ant. 2, 81) Mt 4:18; cp. Mk 1:16.

ⓑ at the edge or to the edge of

α. παρὰ (τὴν) θάλασσαν by the sea (or lake) , at the shore Mt 13:1; Mk 4:1; 5:21; Ac 10:6, 32; cp. Lk 5:1, 2. παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν by the side of the road (X., An. 1, 2, 13; Plut., Lysander 450 [29, 4] a tomb παρὰ τ. ὁδόν=beside the road) Mt 20:30; Mk 10:46; Lk 18:35 (but on the road is also poss. in these three places; s. d below).

β. παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν to (the side of) the sea (lake) Mt 15:29; Mk 2:13. παρὰ ποταμόν to the river Ac 16:13.

ⓒ gener. near, at παρὰ τοὺς πόδας τινός at someone’s feet (sit, fall, place etc.; TestAbr A 17 p. 98, 16 [Stone p. 44]) Mt 15:30; Lk 7:38; 8:35, 41; 10:39 v.l.; 17:16; Ac 4:35, 37 v.l.; 5:2; 7:58; 22:3 (s. ET 30, 1919, 39f). παρὰ τὸν πὺργον beside the tower Hs 9, 4, 8; 9, 6, 5; 8; 9, 7, 1; 9, 11, 6.—παρὰ τὴν ἰτέαν 8, 1, 2 (cp. TestAbr A 6 p. 83, 10 [Stone p. 14] παρὰ τὴν δρῦν τὴν Μαμβρῆ).

ⓓ on παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν on the road (w. motion implied; Aesop, Fab. 226 P.=420 H.: πεσὼν παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν; Phot., Bibl. 94 p. 74b on Iambl. Erot. [Hercher I p. 222, 22] πίπτουσι παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν) Mt 13:4, 19; Mk 4:4; Lk 8:5; on the road (w. no motion implied; Theophr., HP 6, 6, 10: the crocus likes to be trodden under foot, διὸ καὶ παρὰ τὰς ὁδοὺς κάλλιστος; Phot. p. 222, 29 H. [s. above]) Mk 4:15; Lk 8:12. Perh. also Mt 20:30; Mk 10:46; Lk 18:35 (s. bα above).—παρὰ τὸ χεῖλος τῆς θαλάσσης on the seashore Hb 11:12 (TestAbr A 1 p. 78, 1 [Stone p. 4]; ApcEsdr 3:10; ApcSed 8:9).

② marker of extension in time, during, from … to (Lucian, Catapl. 24 παρὰ τ. βίον=during his life; POxy 472, 10; TestAbr A 20 p. 102, 26 [Stone p. 52] παρὰ μίαν ὥραν; Tat. 14, 2 παρʼ ὸ̔ν ἔζων χρόνον) παρʼ ἐνιαυτόν from year to year (Plut., Cleom. 15, 1; cp. ἐνιαυτός 1) B 10:7.

③ marker of comparative advantage, in comparison to, more than, beyond ἁμαρτωλοί, ὀφειλέται π. πάντας Lk 13:2, 4 (PSI 317, 6 [95 A.D.] παρὰ πάντας; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 234 παρὰ τ. ἄλλους ἅπαντας; JosAs 10:6 παρὰ πάσας τὰς παρθένους; Just., A I, 20, 3 παρὰ πάντας ἀδίκως μισούμεθα). κρίνειν ἡμέραν παρʼ ἡμέραν (s. κρίνω 1) Ro 14:5. π. πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν B 11:9 (prophetic quot. of unknown orig.). π. πάντα τὰ πνεύματα more than all other spirits Hm 10, 1, 2. ἐλαττοῦν τινα π. τινα make someone inferior to someone Hb 2:7, 9 (s. ἐλαττόω 1 and cp. PGrenf I, 42, 12 [II B.C.] ἐλαττουμένων ἡμῶν παρὰ τοὺς δεῖνα). εἶδος ἐκλεῖπον π. τὸ εἶδος τῶν ἀνθρώπων (s. ἐκλείπω 4) 1 Cl 16:3.—After a comp. (Thu. 1, 23, 3; ApcEsdr 1:22; Tat. 2, 2) Lk 3:13; Hb 1:4; 3:3; 9:23; 11:4; 12:24; B 4:5 (cp. Da 7:7); Hv 3, 12, 1; Hs 9, 18, 2.—When a comparison is made, one member of it may receive so little attention as to pass fr. consideration entirely, so that ‘more than’ becomes instead of, rather than, to the exclusion of (Plut., Mor. 984c; PsSol 9:9; EpArist 134; Just., A I, 22, 2) λατρεύειν τῇ κτίσει παρὰ τὸν κτίσαντα serve the creation rather than the Creator Ro 1:25 (cp. EpArist 139: the Jews worship τὸν μόνον θεὸν παρʼ ὅλην τὴν κτίσιν). δεδικαιωμένος παρʼ ἐκεῖνον justified rather than the other Lk 18:14. ἔχρισέν σε … παρὰ τοὺς μετόχους (God) has anointed you and not your comrades Hb 1:9 (Ps 44:8). ὑπερφρονεῖν παρʼ ὸ̔ δεῖ φρονεῖν Ro 12:3 (Plut., Mor. 83f παρʼ ὸ̔ δεῖ). παρὰ καιρὸν ἡλικίας Hb 11:11 (Plut., Rom. 25, 6 παρʼ ἡλικίαν; cp. ἡλικία 2a).—παρὰ δύναμιν beyond their means (s. δύναμις 2) 2 Cor 8:3.—After ἄλλος (Pla., Lach. 178b, Leg. 3, 693b; X., Hell. 1, 5, 5; Demosth. 18, 235) another than 1 Cor 3:11.

④ marker of degree that falls slightly short in comparison, except for, almost παρὰ μικρόν except for a little, almost (s. μικρός 1eγ) Hs 8, 1, 14. Likew. παρά τι (cp. Vett. Val. 228, 6) Lk 5:7 D; Hs 9, 19, 3.

⑤ marker of causality, because of (cp. Pind., O. 2, 65 κενεὰν παρὰ δίαιταν ‘in the interest of’ or ‘for the sake of a scanty livelihood’, the scantiness here contrasting with the immense labor involved; Demosth. 4, 11; 9, 2; PRyl 243, 6; POxy 1420, 7) παρὰ τό w. acc. foll. because (SIG 495, 130; UPZ 7, 13 [163 B.C.] παρὰ τὸ Ἕλληνά με εἶναι.—Mayser II/1, 1926, 331; Gen 29:20; Ex 14:11) 1 Cl 39:5f (Job 4:20f). π. τοῦτο because of this (Kühner-G. I 513, 3; Synes., Ep. 44 p. 185a; 57 p. 192d) ITr 5:2; IRo 5:1 (quot. fr. 1 Cor 4:4, where Paul has ἐν τούτῳ). οὐ παρὰ τοῦτο οὐ (double neg. as a strengthened affirmative) not for that reason any the less 1 Cor 12:15f.

⑥ marker of that which does not correspond to what is expected, against, contrary to (Hom., Alc. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; Just., Tat., Ath.—Schwyzer II 497) π. τὴν διδαχήν Ro 16:17. παρʼ ἐλπίδα against hope (s. ἐλπίς 1a) in wordplay w. ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι 4:18. παρὰ φύσιν (Thu. 6, 17, 1; Pla., Rep. 5, 466d; Tat. 22, 2; Ath. 26, 2, R. 6 p. 54, 13) 1:26; 11:24. παρὰ τὸν νόμον (Just., A II, 2, 4; Ath. 1, 3; cp. X., Mem. 1, 1, 18 παρὰ τοὺς νόμους; PMagd 16, 5 [222 B.C.] παρὰ τοὺς νόμους; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 233; Just., A I, 68, 10) Ac 18:13. παρʼ ὅ contrary to that which Gal 1:8f (Just., A I, 43, 8).

⑦ marker of something that is less, less (Hdt. 9, 33; Plut., Caesar 722 [30, 5]; Jos., Ant. 4, 176; POxy 264, 4 [I A.D.]) τεσσεράκοντα παρὰ μίαν forty less one=thirty-nine (i.e. lashes) 2 Cor 11:24 (cp. Makkoth 3, 10 [tr. HDanby, The Mishnah ’33, 407]).—On παρʼ αὐτά ITr 11:1 s. παραυτά.—DELG. M-M. TW.

γένημα, ατος, τό (on the sp. s. B-D-F §11, 2; 34, 3; Rob. 213) that which comes into being through production, product, fruit, yield of vegetable produce Lk 12:18 v.l. (other rdgs. are γεννήματα and τὸν σῖτον; s. GKilpatrick in: Essays in Memory of GMacgregor, ’65, 190; 202); of wine as the product of the vine (cp. Is 32:12 ἀμπέλου γένημα; pap refer to οἴνου γένημα [BGU 774, 3 al.; so also O. Fay 7] or οἰνικὸν γένημα [BGU 1123, 9; POxy 729, 36 al.]; γ. τοῦ Δίωνος ἀμπελῶνος PTebt 772, 8; Just., D. 91, 1 γεννημάτων for γεν-[Dt 33:14]) Mt 26:29; Mk 14:25; Lk 22:18 (in all these passages t.r. γεννήματος). In imagery τὰ γ. τῆς δικαιοσύνης ὑμῶν (Hos 10:12) the harvest of your righteousness 2 Cor 9:10 (v.l. γεννήματα). The word is a new formation in H. Gk. from γίνεσθαι and has no affinity w. the older γέννημα. It is found since III B.C. in pap (Dssm. B 105f; NB 12 [BS 110, 184]; Mayser 214; Nägeli 32), ins (CIG 4757, 62; OGI 262, 9), LXX (Thackeray 118); TestLevi 9:14 v.l. (d, e, g; in text: πρωτογεννήματος), and in writers like Polyb. (1, 71, 1; 1, 79, 6; 3, 87, 1 acc. to the best mss.).—New Docs 2, 79. DELG s.v. γίγνομαι p. 222. M-M. TW.

m. a pear tree L. ;

Who has created the fruit of the vine (blessing)